Chemical coagulation and flocculation are essential processes for removing suspended solids, colloidal particles, and some dissolved contaminants.

Coagulation vs. Flocculation

Coagulation

Chemical addition (coagulant) destabilizes particles through charge neutralization. Fast mixing required.

Flocculation

Gentle mixing allows formed microflocs to collide and aggregate into larger, settleable flocs.

Coagulants

• Aluminum sulfate (alum): Common, effective, lowers pH
• Ferric chloride: Effective, lowers pH, generates heavier sludge
• Ferric sulfate: Similar to ferric chloride
• Polyaluminum chloride (PAC): Less pH impact, effective
• Lime: pH adjustment plus coagulation

Flocculants

• Cationic polymers: Attracted to negative charges
• Anionic polymers: For negatively charged particles
• Nonionic polymers: General purpose

Dosing Considerations

• Jar testing to optimize dose
• pH effect on coagulant efficiency
• Mixing intensity and time
• Polymer preparation and aging

Feiran EP Chemical Dosing

We supply complete chemical dosing systems including tanks, pumps, and controls.

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